D
Missile ForcesRussia

9K31 Strela-1 (SA-9 Gaskin)

4x4 infrared guided surface-to-air missile systemFielded 1968Pending verification
Missile ForcesRUS
Missile length 5.8 m
Identification silhouette. Not drawn to scale between entries.
Fact cardConfidence · Source
System
Type4x4 infrared guided surface-to-air missile system
Date of introduction1968
ProliferationAt least 25 countries
ManufacturerSoviet state factoriesMed[1]
Configuration4x4Med[1]
Crew3Med[1]
Dimensions and weight
Length5.8 m19 ftMed[1]
Launch weight7,000 kg15,432 lbMed[1]
Flight performance
ChassisBRDM-2Med[1]
EngineGAZ 41Med[1]
Thrust / power140 hp at 3,400 rpmMed[1]
Protection
Hull Armor Type5-14 mmMed[1]
NBC ProtectionYesMed[1]
Payload and range
Maximum range650 km404 mi · 351 nmiMed[1]
Launch vehicle name9M31 Launch VehicleMed[1]
Missile nameStrela-1Med[1]
Length1.803 mMed[1]
Diameter120 mmMed[1]
Weight30 kgMed[1]
Enginesingle stage, solid propellantMed[1]
Guidance systemIRMed[1]
Fuzeradar, proximityMed[1]
Warhead3 kg (6.00 lb) (est.) HE blast fragmentationMed[1]
Elevation+80° (1422mils)/-20° (-356mils)Med[1]
Traverse360°Med[1]
Maximum speed1,800 km/hMed[1]
Maximum range4.2 kmMed[1]
Minimum range1.0 kmMed[1]
Maximum altitude3,000 mMed[1]
Minimum altitude50 mMed[1]
Basic load6 x hull mounted SA-9 SAM MissilesMed[1]
Fire control
GuidanceInfrared homingMed[1]
Variants
9K31 Strela-1The 9K31 Strela-1 is a short-range missile-based air defence system designed to provide protection for an armoured force during combat or marches.[1]
9K31M Strela-1MThe Strela-1M was introduced in 1970 in an effort to improve the performance of the Soviet systems to provide greater guarantees of a successful engagement.[1]
Weapons and payload options · 1Confidence · Source
PPRU-1/Ovod AD ACVArmament
Med[1]
Range
80 km50 mi · 43 nmi
Summary

The 9K31 Strela-1 (SA-9 Gaskin) Russian 4x4 Infrared Guided Surface-to-Air Missile System is a highly mobile, short-range, low altitude infra-red guided surface-to-air missile system. Originally developed by the Soviet Union under the GRAU designation 9K31, it is commonly known by its NATO reporting name, SA-9 "Gaskin".

Draft entry. Values come from the cited public sources and are awaiting editor verification.
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Operators
AngolaArmeniaBeninBulgariaBosnia and HerzegovinaCubaAlgeriaEgyptEthiopiaCroatiaHungaryIndiaLibyaMongoliaMozambiqueMauritaniaNicaraguaRomaniaRussiaSerbiaSyriaUgandaUkraineVietnamYemen
Sources
  1. 9K31 Strela-1 (SA-9 Gaskin) Russian 4x4 Infrared Guided Surface-to-Air Missile System, U.S. Army TRADOC G-2 Worldwide Equipment Guide (ODIN)
    Published/updated 2026-03-20 · Tier 1 · checked 2026-10-10
Change log
  • 2026-10-10 Entry created from the Worldwide Equipment Guide (ODIN), bulk import