{
  "id": "9k31-strela-1",
  "name": "9K31 Strela-1 (SA-9 Gaskin)",
  "aliases": [],
  "domain": "missile",
  "country": "RUS",
  "category": "4x4 infrared guided surface-to-air missile system",
  "status": null,
  "fielded": 1968,
  "operators": [
    "AGO",
    "ARM",
    "BEN",
    "BGR",
    "BIH",
    "CUB",
    "DZA",
    "EGY",
    "ETH",
    "HRV",
    "HUN",
    "IND",
    "LBY",
    "MNG",
    "MOZ",
    "MRT",
    "NIC",
    "ROU",
    "RUS",
    "SRB",
    "SYR",
    "UGA",
    "UKR",
    "VNM",
    "YEM"
  ],
  "prolif_count": 25,
  "summary": "The 9K31 Strela-1 (SA-9 Gaskin) Russian 4x4 Infrared Guided Surface-to-Air Missile System is a highly mobile, short-range, low altitude infra-red guided surface-to-air missile system. Originally developed by the Soviet Union under the GRAU designation 9K31, it is commonly known by its NATO reporting name, SA-9 \"Gaskin\".",
  "specs": [
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "Manufacturer",
      "section": "system",
      "v": "Soviet state factories",
      "src": [
        "weg-9k31-strela-1"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "Chassis",
      "section": "mobility",
      "v": "BRDM-2",
      "src": [
        "weg-9k31-strela-1"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "Configuration",
      "section": "system",
      "v": "4x4",
      "src": [
        "weg-9k31-strela-1"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "crew",
      "v": 3,
      "src": [
        "weg-9k31-strela-1"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "length_m",
      "v": 5.8,
      "src": [
        "weg-9k31-strela-1"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "launch_weight_kg",
      "v": 7000,
      "src": [
        "weg-9k31-strela-1"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "engine_name",
      "v": "GAZ 41",
      "src": [
        "weg-9k31-strela-1"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "Thrust / power",
      "section": "mobility",
      "v": "140 hp at 3,400 rpm",
      "src": [
        "weg-9k31-strela-1"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "range_max_km",
      "v": 650,
      "src": [
        "weg-9k31-strela-1"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "Guidance",
      "section": "firecontrol",
      "v": "Infrared homing",
      "src": [
        "weg-9k31-strela-1"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "Hull Armor Type",
      "section": "protection",
      "v": "5-14 mm",
      "src": [
        "weg-9k31-strela-1"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "NBC Protection",
      "section": "protection",
      "v": "Yes",
      "src": [
        "weg-9k31-strela-1"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "Launch vehicle name",
      "section": "armament",
      "v": "9M31 Launch Vehicle",
      "src": [
        "weg-9k31-strela-1"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "Missile name",
      "section": "armament",
      "v": "Strela-1",
      "src": [
        "weg-9k31-strela-1"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "Length",
      "section": "armament",
      "v": "1.803 m",
      "src": [
        "weg-9k31-strela-1"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "Diameter",
      "section": "armament",
      "v": "120 mm",
      "src": [
        "weg-9k31-strela-1"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "Weight",
      "section": "armament",
      "v": "30 kg",
      "src": [
        "weg-9k31-strela-1"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "Engine",
      "section": "armament",
      "v": "single stage, solid propellant",
      "src": [
        "weg-9k31-strela-1"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "Guidance system",
      "section": "armament",
      "v": "IR",
      "src": [
        "weg-9k31-strela-1"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "Fuze",
      "section": "armament",
      "v": "radar, proximity",
      "src": [
        "weg-9k31-strela-1"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "Warhead",
      "section": "armament",
      "v": "3 kg (6.00 lb) (est.) HE blast fragmentation",
      "src": [
        "weg-9k31-strela-1"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "Elevation",
      "section": "armament",
      "v": "+80° (1422mils)/-20° (-356mils)",
      "src": [
        "weg-9k31-strela-1"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "Traverse",
      "section": "armament",
      "v": "360°",
      "src": [
        "weg-9k31-strela-1"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "Maximum speed",
      "section": "armament",
      "v": "1,800 km/h",
      "src": [
        "weg-9k31-strela-1"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "Maximum range",
      "section": "armament",
      "v": "4.2 km",
      "src": [
        "weg-9k31-strela-1"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "Minimum range",
      "section": "armament",
      "v": "1.0 km",
      "src": [
        "weg-9k31-strela-1"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "Maximum altitude",
      "section": "armament",
      "v": "3,000 m",
      "src": [
        "weg-9k31-strela-1"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "Minimum altitude",
      "section": "armament",
      "v": "50 m",
      "src": [
        "weg-9k31-strela-1"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "",
      "label": "Basic load",
      "section": "armament",
      "v": "6 x hull mounted SA-9 SAM Missiles",
      "src": [
        "weg-9k31-strela-1"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    }
  ],
  "payloads": [
    {
      "name": "PPRU-1/Ovod AD ACV",
      "role": "Armament",
      "src": [
        "weg-9k31-strela-1"
      ],
      "conf": "medium",
      "caps": {},
      "range_km": 80
    }
  ],
  "variants": [
    {
      "name": "9K31 Strela-1",
      "text": "The 9K31 Strela-1 is a short-range missile-based air defence system designed to provide protection for an armoured force during combat or marches.",
      "src": [
        "weg-9k31-strela-1"
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "9K31M Strela-1M",
      "text": "The Strela-1M was introduced in 1970 in an effort to improve the performance of the Soviet systems to provide greater guarantees of a successful engagement.",
      "src": [
        "weg-9k31-strela-1"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "art": "tel",
  "image": null,
  "verified": null,
  "changelog": [
    {
      "date": "2026-10-10",
      "change": "Entry created from the Worldwide Equipment Guide (ODIN), bulk import"
    }
  ],
  "url": "https://www.defensepedia.com/systems/9k31-strela-1.html",
  "sources": {
    "weg-9k31-strela-1": {
      "title": "9K31 Strela-1 (SA-9 Gaskin) Russian 4x4 Infrared Guided Surface-to-Air Missile System",
      "publisher": "U.S. Army TRADOC G-2 Worldwide Equipment Guide (ODIN)",
      "url": "https://odin.t2com.army.mil/WEG/Asset/9K31_Strela-1_SA-9_Gaskin_Russian_4x4_Infrared_Guided_Surface-to-Air_Missile_System",
      "published": "2026-03-20",
      "tier": 1,
      "checked": "2026-10-10"
    }
  }
}