D
CyberUnattributed

Medusa Group

Cybercriminal groupTrackedPending verification
CyberUNK
Identification silhouette. Not drawn to scale between entries.
Fact cardConfidence · Source
System
TypeCybercriminal group
ProliferationOrigin country only
Active since2021At least 2021Med[1]
MITRE ATT&CK IDG1051High[1]
Capabilities
ATT&CK techniques used57ATT&CK v20.1High[1]
Malware and toolscertutil, Medusa Ransomware, Mimikatz, PsExec, Rclone5 malware and tool entries linked in ATT&CKHigh[1]
Attribution and activity
Attributed sponsorRansomware-as-a-service operationMed[1]
TargetsThe group is opportunistic and has targeted a wide range of sectors globally.Med[1]
Notes
Medusa Group has been active since at least 2021 and was initially operated as a closed ransomware group before evolving into a Ransomware-as-a-Service (RaaS) operation. Some reporting indicates that certain attacks may still be conducted directly by the ransomware’s core developers. Public sources have also referred to the group as “Spearwing” or “Medusa Actors.” Medusa Group employs living-off-the-land techniques, frequently leveraging publicly available tools and common remote management software to conduct operations. The group engages in double extortion tactics, exfiltrating data prior to encryption and threatening to publish stolen information if ransom demands are not met. For initial access, Medusa Group has exploited publicly known vulnerabilities, conducted phishing campaigns, and used credentials or access purchased from Initial Access Brokers (IABs). The group is opportunistic and has targeted a wide range of sectors globally. Description adapted from MITRE ATT&CK®, © The MITRE Corporation, used under the ATT&CK Terms of Use.
Summary

Medusa Group has been active since at least 2021 and was initially operated as a closed ransomware group before evolving into a Ransomware-as-a-Service (RaaS) operation. Some reporting indicates that certain attacks may still be conducted directly by the ransomware’s core developers.

Draft entry. Values come from the cited public sources and are awaiting editor verification.
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Operators
Sources
  1. Medusa Group, Group G1051, MITRE ATT&CK
    Published/updated 2026-07-31 · Tier 2 · checked 2026-11-08
Change log
  • 2026-11-08 Entry created from MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v20.1 (group G1051)