{
  "id": "mustang-panda",
  "name": "Mustang Panda",
  "aliases": [
    "TA416",
    "RedDelta",
    "BRONZE PRESIDENT",
    "STATELY TAURUS",
    "FIREANT",
    "CAMARO DRAGON",
    "EARTH PRETA",
    "HIVE0154",
    "TWILL TYPHOON",
    "TANTALUM",
    "LUMINOUS MOTH",
    "UNC6384",
    "TEMP.Hex",
    "Red Lich",
    "ClumsyToad"
  ],
  "domain": "cyber",
  "country": "CHN",
  "category": "Suspected state-linked cyber threat group",
  "status": "tracked",
  "fielded": null,
  "operators": [
    "CHN"
  ],
  "summary": "Mustang Panda is a China-based cyber espionage threat actor that has been conducting operations since at least 2012. Mustang Panda has been known to use tailored phishing lures and decoy documents to deliver malicious payloads.",
  "specs": [
    {
      "k": "sponsor",
      "v": "China-based",
      "src": [
        "mitre-g0129"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "active_since",
      "v": 2012,
      "src": [
        "mitre-g0129"
      ],
      "conf": "medium",
      "note": "At least 2012"
    },
    {
      "k": "attack_id",
      "v": "G0129",
      "src": [
        "mitre-g0129"
      ],
      "conf": "high"
    },
    {
      "k": "targets",
      "v": "Mustang Panda has targeted government, diplomatic, and non-governmental organizations, including think tanks, religious institutions, and research entities, across the United States, Europe, and Asia, with notable activity in Russia, Mongolia, Myanmar, Pakistan, and Vietnam.",
      "src": [
        "mitre-g0129"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "campaigns",
      "v": "RedDelta Modified PlugX Infection Chain Operations (C0047, 2023–2024)",
      "src": [
        "mitre-g0129"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "techniques_count",
      "v": 85,
      "src": [
        "mitre-g0129"
      ],
      "conf": "high",
      "note": "ATT&CK v20.1"
    },
    {
      "k": "software",
      "v": "AdFind, BOOKWORM, CANONSTAGER, China Chopper, CLAIMLOADER, Cobalt Strike, CorKLOG, HIUPAN, Impacket, Mimikatz, NBTscan, PAKLOG, PlugX, PoisonIvy, PUBLOAD, RCSession, ShadowPad, SplatCloak, SplatDropper, StarProxy and 3 more",
      "src": [
        "mitre-g0129"
      ],
      "conf": "high",
      "note": "23 malware and tool entries linked in ATT&CK"
    }
  ],
  "payloads": [],
  "variants": [],
  "art": "cyber",
  "image": null,
  "verified": null,
  "notes": "Mustang Panda is a China-based cyber espionage threat actor that has been conducting operations since at least 2012. Mustang Panda has been known to use tailored phishing lures and decoy documents to deliver malicious payloads. Mustang Panda has targeted government, diplomatic, and non-governmental organizations, including think tanks, religious institutions, and research entities, across the United States, Europe, and Asia, with notable activity in Russia, Mongolia, Myanmar, Pakistan, and Vietnam. Description adapted from MITRE ATT&CK®, © The MITRE Corporation, used under the ATT&CK Terms of Use.",
  "changelog": [
    {
      "date": "2026-11-08",
      "change": "Entry created from MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v20.1 (group G0129)"
    }
  ],
  "url": "https://www.defensepedia.com/systems/mustang-panda.html",
  "sources": {
    "mitre-g0129": {
      "title": "Mustang Panda, Group G0129",
      "publisher": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0129/",
      "published": "2026-07-31",
      "tier": 2,
      "checked": "2026-11-08"
    }
  }
}