{
  "id": "galileo",
  "name": "Galileo",
  "aliases": [],
  "domain": "space",
  "country": "EUR",
  "category": "Navigation satellite constellation",
  "status": "in-service",
  "fielded": null,
  "operators": [
    "EUR"
  ],
  "summary": "European Union civil global navigation system with a Public Regulated Service for government users.",
  "specs": [
    {
      "k": "orbit_regime",
      "v": "MEO",
      "src": [
        "esa-galileo"
      ],
      "conf": "high"
    },
    {
      "k": "sats_planned",
      "v": 30,
      "src": [
        "esa-galileo"
      ],
      "conf": "high",
      "note": "27 operational plus 3 active spares"
    },
    {
      "k": "altitude_km",
      "v": 23222,
      "src": [
        "esa-galileo"
      ],
      "conf": "high"
    },
    {
      "k": "orbit_planes",
      "v": 3,
      "src": [
        "esa-galileo"
      ],
      "conf": "high"
    },
    {
      "k": "inclination_deg",
      "v": 56,
      "src": [
        "esa-galileo"
      ],
      "conf": "high"
    },
    {
      "k": "on_orbit",
      "v": 32,
      "src": [
        "celestrak-gp"
      ],
      "conf": "high",
      "note": "Payloads with current element sets in the public catalog, active or not."
    },
    {
      "k": "active_sats",
      "v": 32,
      "src": [
        "celestrak-gp"
      ],
      "conf": "medium",
      "note": "Count in the CelesTrak active satellites list, which estimates operational status."
    },
    {
      "k": "perigee_km",
      "v": [
        16856,
        23221
      ],
      "src": [
        "celestrak-gp"
      ],
      "conf": "high",
      "note": "Active satellites per CelesTrak, element epoch about 2026-11-08."
    },
    {
      "k": "apogee_km",
      "v": [
        23224,
        26342
      ],
      "src": [
        "celestrak-gp"
      ],
      "conf": "high",
      "note": "Active satellites per CelesTrak, element epoch about 2026-11-08."
    },
    {
      "k": "period_min",
      "v": [
        776.2,
        844.7
      ],
      "src": [
        "celestrak-gp"
      ],
      "conf": "high",
      "note": "Active satellites per CelesTrak, element epoch about 2026-11-08."
    }
  ],
  "payloads": [],
  "variants": [],
  "art": "satellite",
  "image": null,
  "verified": null,
  "changelog": [
    {
      "date": "2026-11-08",
      "change": "Entry created from cited open sources"
    },
    {
      "date": "2026-11-08",
      "change": "Orbital elements from CelesTrak GP data (epoch about 2026-11-08): 32 catalogued, 32 active."
    }
  ],
  "satellites": [
    {
      "name": "GSAT0101 (GALILEO-PFM)",
      "norad": 37846,
      "cospar": "2011-060A",
      "perigee_km": 23216,
      "apogee_km": 23228,
      "inclination_deg": 56.94,
      "period_min": 844.7,
      "epoch": "2026-11-08",
      "active": true,
      "owner": "ESA",
      "launch": "2011-10-21"
    },
    {
      "name": "GSAT0102 (GALILEO-FM2)",
      "norad": 37847,
      "cospar": "2011-060B",
      "perigee_km": 23210,
      "apogee_km": 23234,
      "inclination_deg": 56.94,
      "period_min": 844.7,
      "epoch": "2026-11-08",
      "active": true,
      "owner": "ESA",
      "launch": "2011-10-21"
    },
    {
      "name": "GSAT0103 (GALILEO-FM3)",
      "norad": 38857,
      "cospar": "2012-055A",
      "perigee_km": 23218,
      "apogee_km": 23227,
      "inclination_deg": 55.9,
      "period_min": 844.7,
      "epoch": "2026-11-05",
      "active": true,
      "owner": "ESA",
      "launch": "2012-10-12"
    },
    {
      "name": "GSAT0201 (GALILEO 5)",
      "norad": 40128,
      "cospar": "2014-050A",
      "perigee_km": 16862,
      "apogee_km": 26337,
      "inclination_deg": 48.73,
      "period_min": 776.2,
      "epoch": "2026-11-04",
      "active": true,
      "owner": "ESA",
      "launch": "2014-08-22"
    },
    {
      "name": "GSAT0202 (GALILEO 6)",
      "norad": 40129,
      "cospar": "2014-050B",
      "perigee_km": 16856,
      "apogee_km": 26342,
      "inclination_deg": 48.74,
      "period_min": 776.2,
      "epoch": "2026-11-06",
      "active": true,
      "owner": "ESA",
      "launch": "2014-08-22"
    },
    {
      "name": "GSAT0203 (GALILEO 7)",
      "norad": 40544,
      "cospar": "2015-017A",
      "perigee_km": 23204,
      "apogee_km": 23240,
      "inclination_deg": 56.73,
      "period_min": 844.7,
      "epoch": "2026-11-06",
      "active": true,
      "owner": "ESA",
      "launch": "2015-03-27"
    },
    {
      "name": "GSAT0204 (GALILEO 8)",
      "norad": 40545,
      "cospar": "2015-017B",
      "perigee_km": 23204,
      "apogee_km": 23240,
      "inclination_deg": 56.74,
      "period_min": 844.7,
      "epoch": "2026-11-05",
      "active": true,
      "owner": "ESA",
      "launch": "2015-03-27"
    },
    {
      "name": "GSAT0206 (GALILEO 10)",
      "norad": 40890,
      "cospar": "2015-045B",
      "perigee_km": 23212,
      "apogee_km": 23233,
      "inclination_deg": 54.91,
      "period_min": 844.7,
      "epoch": "2026-11-06",
      "active": true,
      "owner": "ESA",
      "launch": "2015-09-11"
    },
    {
      "name": "GSAT0209 (GALILEO 12)",
      "norad": 41174,
      "cospar": "2015-079A",
      "perigee_km": 23214,
      "apogee_km": 23230,
      "inclination_deg": 55.92,
      "period_min": 844.7,
      "epoch": "2026-11-05",
      "active": true,
      "owner": "ESA",
      "launch": "2015-12-17"
    },
    {
      "name": "GSAT0208 (GALILEO 11)",
      "norad": 41175,
      "cospar": "2015-079B",
      "perigee_km": 23215,
      "apogee_km": 23229,
      "inclination_deg": 55.92,
      "period_min": 844.7,
      "epoch": "2026-11-07",
      "active": true,
      "owner": "ESA",
      "launch": "2015-12-17"
    },
    {
      "name": "GSAT0211 (GALILEO 14)",
      "norad": 41549,
      "cospar": "2016-030A",
      "perigee_km": 23210,
      "apogee_km": 23234,
      "inclination_deg": 55.06,
      "period_min": 844.7,
      "epoch": "2026-11-06",
      "active": true,
      "owner": "ESA",
      "launch": "2016-05-24"
    },
    {
      "name": "GSAT0210 (GALILEO 13)",
      "norad": 41550,
      "cospar": "2016-030B",
      "perigee_km": 23216,
      "apogee_km": 23228,
      "inclination_deg": 55.06,
      "period_min": 844.7,
      "epoch": "2026-11-07",
      "active": true,
      "owner": "ESA",
      "launch": "2016-05-24"
    },
    {
      "name": "GSAT0207 (GALILEO 15)",
      "norad": 41859,
      "cospar": "2016-069A",
      "perigee_km": 23216,
      "apogee_km": 23228,
      "inclination_deg": 55.59,
      "period_min": 844.7,
      "epoch": "2026-11-04",
      "active": true,
      "owner": "ESA",
      "launch": "2016-11-17"
    },
    {
      "name": "GSAT0212 (GALILEO 16)",
      "norad": 41860,
      "cospar": "2016-069B",
      "perigee_km": 23213,
      "apogee_km": 23231,
      "inclination_deg": 55.59,
      "period_min": 844.7,
      "epoch": "2026-11-07",
      "active": true,
      "owner": "ESA",
      "launch": "2016-11-17"
    },
    {
      "name": "GSAT0213 (GALILEO 17)",
      "norad": 41861,
      "cospar": "2016-069C",
      "perigee_km": 23218,
      "apogee_km": 23226,
      "inclination_deg": 55.59,
      "period_min": 844.7,
      "epoch": "2026-11-03",
      "active": true,
      "owner": "ESA",
      "launch": "2016-11-17"
    },
    {
      "name": "GSAT0214 (GALILEO 18)",
      "norad": 41862,
      "cospar": "2016-069D",
      "perigee_km": 23219,
      "apogee_km": 23225,
      "inclination_deg": 55.59,
      "period_min": 844.7,
      "epoch": "2026-11-06",
      "active": true,
      "owner": "ESA",
      "launch": "2016-11-17"
    },
    {
      "name": "GSAT0215 (GALILEO 19)",
      "norad": 43055,
      "cospar": "2017-079A",
      "perigee_km": 23216,
      "apogee_km": 23228,
      "inclination_deg": 55.04,
      "period_min": 844.7,
      "epoch": "2026-11-07",
      "active": true,
      "owner": "ESA",
      "launch": "2017-12-12"
    },
    {
      "name": "GSAT0216 (GALILEO 20)",
      "norad": 43056,
      "cospar": "2017-079B",
      "perigee_km": 23213,
      "apogee_km": 23232,
      "inclination_deg": 55.04,
      "period_min": 844.7,
      "epoch": "2026-11-07",
      "active": true,
      "owner": "ESA",
      "launch": "2017-12-12"
    },
    {
      "name": "GSAT0217 (GALILEO 21)",
      "norad": 43057,
      "cospar": "2017-079C",
      "perigee_km": 23212,
      "apogee_km": 23232,
      "inclination_deg": 55.03,
      "period_min": 844.7,
      "epoch": "2026-11-07",
      "active": true,
      "owner": "ESA",
      "launch": "2017-12-12"
    },
    {
      "name": "GSAT0218 (GALILEO 22)",
      "norad": 43058,
      "cospar": "2017-079D",
      "perigee_km": 23211,
      "apogee_km": 23233,
      "inclination_deg": 55.03,
      "period_min": 844.7,
      "epoch": "2026-11-06",
      "active": true,
      "owner": "ESA",
      "launch": "2017-12-12"
    },
    {
      "name": "GSAT0221 (GALILEO 25)",
      "norad": 43564,
      "cospar": "2018-060A",
      "perigee_km": 23204,
      "apogee_km": 23240,
      "inclination_deg": 57.11,
      "period_min": 844.7,
      "epoch": "2026-11-06",
      "active": true,
      "owner": "ESA",
      "launch": "2018-07-25"
    },
    {
      "name": "GSAT0222 (GALILEO 26)",
      "norad": 43565,
      "cospar": "2018-060B",
      "perigee_km": 23204,
      "apogee_km": 23240,
      "inclination_deg": 57.11,
      "period_min": 844.7,
      "epoch": "2026-11-07",
      "active": true,
      "owner": "ESA",
      "launch": "2018-07-25"
    },
    {
      "name": "GSAT0219 (GALILEO 23)",
      "norad": 43566,
      "cospar": "2018-060C",
      "perigee_km": 23207,
      "apogee_km": 23237,
      "inclination_deg": 57.11,
      "period_min": 844.7,
      "epoch": "2026-11-07",
      "active": true,
      "owner": "ESA",
      "launch": "2018-07-25"
    },
    {
      "name": "GSAT0220 (GALILEO 24)",
      "norad": 43567,
      "cospar": "2018-060D",
      "perigee_km": 23206,
      "apogee_km": 23238,
      "inclination_deg": 57.11,
      "period_min": 844.7,
      "epoch": "2026-11-07",
      "active": true,
      "owner": "ESA",
      "launch": "2018-07-25"
    },
    {
      "name": "GSAT0223 (GALILEO 27)",
      "norad": 49809,
      "cospar": "2021-116A",
      "perigee_km": 23208,
      "apogee_km": 23236,
      "inclination_deg": 57.1,
      "period_min": 844.7,
      "epoch": "2026-11-05",
      "active": true,
      "owner": "ESA",
      "launch": "2021-12-05"
    },
    {
      "name": "GSAT0224 (GALILEO 28)",
      "norad": 49810,
      "cospar": "2021-116B",
      "perigee_km": 23210,
      "apogee_km": 23233,
      "inclination_deg": 57.1,
      "period_min": 844.7,
      "epoch": "2026-11-06",
      "active": true,
      "owner": "ESA",
      "launch": "2021-12-05"
    },
    {
      "name": "GSAT0225 (GALILEO 29)",
      "norad": 59598,
      "cospar": "2024-079A",
      "perigee_km": 23217,
      "apogee_km": 23227,
      "inclination_deg": 55.22,
      "period_min": 844.7,
      "epoch": "2026-11-07",
      "active": true,
      "owner": "ESA",
      "launch": "2024-04-28"
    },
    {
      "name": "GSAT0227 (GALILEO 30)",
      "norad": 59600,
      "cospar": "2024-079C",
      "perigee_km": 23211,
      "apogee_km": 23233,
      "inclination_deg": 55.21,
      "period_min": 844.7,
      "epoch": "2026-11-06",
      "active": true,
      "owner": "ESA",
      "launch": "2024-04-28"
    },
    {
      "name": "GSAT0232 (GALILEO 32)",
      "norad": 61182,
      "cospar": "2024-167A",
      "perigee_km": 23211,
      "apogee_km": 23233,
      "inclination_deg": 55.15,
      "period_min": 844.7,
      "epoch": "2026-11-08",
      "active": true,
      "owner": "ESA",
      "launch": "2024-09-17"
    },
    {
      "name": "GSAT0226 (GALILEO 31)",
      "norad": 61183,
      "cospar": "2024-167B",
      "perigee_km": 23221,
      "apogee_km": 23224,
      "inclination_deg": 55.15,
      "period_min": 844.7,
      "epoch": "2026-11-08",
      "active": true,
      "owner": "ESA",
      "launch": "2024-09-17"
    },
    {
      "name": "GSAT0233 (GALILEO 33)",
      "norad": 67160,
      "cospar": "2025-302A",
      "perigee_km": 23212,
      "apogee_km": 23233,
      "inclination_deg": 54.44,
      "period_min": 844.7,
      "epoch": "2026-11-08",
      "active": true,
      "owner": "ESA",
      "launch": "2025-12-17"
    },
    {
      "name": "GSAT0234 (GALILEO 34)",
      "norad": 67162,
      "cospar": "2025-302C",
      "perigee_km": 23220,
      "apogee_km": 23224,
      "inclination_deg": 54.44,
      "period_min": 844.7,
      "epoch": "2026-11-06",
      "active": true,
      "owner": "ESA",
      "launch": "2025-12-17"
    }
  ],
  "url": "https://www.defensepedia.com/systems/galileo.html",
  "sources": {
    "esa-galileo": {
      "title": "What is Galileo?",
      "publisher": "European Space Agency",
      "url": "https://www.esa.int/Applications/Satellite_navigation/Galileo/First_Galileo_Launch/What_is_Galileo",
      "published": null,
      "tier": 1,
      "checked": "2026-11-08"
    },
    "celestrak-gp": {
      "title": "NORAD GP element sets (current data)",
      "publisher": "CelesTrak (data from the U.S. Space Force 18th/19th Space Defense Squadron catalog)",
      "url": "https://celestrak.org/NORAD/elements/",
      "published": "2026-11-08",
      "tier": 1,
      "checked": "2026-11-08"
    }
  }
}