{
  "id": "ember-bear",
  "name": "Ember Bear",
  "aliases": [
    "UNC2589",
    "Bleeding Bear",
    "DEV-0586",
    "Cadet Blizzard",
    "Frozenvista",
    "UAC-0056"
  ],
  "domain": "cyber",
  "country": "RUS",
  "category": "State-sponsored cyber threat group",
  "status": "tracked",
  "fielded": null,
  "operators": [
    "RUS"
  ],
  "summary": "Ember Bear is a Russian state-sponsored cyber espionage group that has been active since at least 2020, linked to Russia's General Staff Main Intelligence Directorate (GRU) 161st Specialist Training Center (Unit 29155). Ember Bear has primarily focused operations against Ukrainian government and telecommunication entities, but has also operated against critical infrastructure entities in Europe and the Americas.",
  "specs": [
    {
      "k": "sponsor",
      "v": "Russia's GRU 161st Specialist Training Center, unit 29155",
      "src": [
        "mitre-g1003"
      ],
      "conf": "high"
    },
    {
      "k": "active_since",
      "v": 2020,
      "src": [
        "mitre-g1003"
      ],
      "conf": "medium",
      "note": "At least 2020"
    },
    {
      "k": "attack_id",
      "v": "G1003",
      "src": [
        "mitre-g1003"
      ],
      "conf": "high"
    },
    {
      "k": "techniques_count",
      "v": 47,
      "src": [
        "mitre-g1003"
      ],
      "conf": "high",
      "note": "ATT&CK v20.1"
    },
    {
      "k": "software",
      "v": "BloodHound, CrackMapExec, Impacket, ngrok, P.A.S. Webshell, PsExec, Rclone, reGeorg, Responder, Saint Bot, WhisperGate",
      "src": [
        "mitre-g1003"
      ],
      "conf": "high",
      "note": "11 malware and tool entries linked in ATT&CK"
    }
  ],
  "payloads": [],
  "variants": [],
  "art": "cyber",
  "image": null,
  "verified": null,
  "notes": "Ember Bear is a Russian state-sponsored cyber espionage group that has been active since at least 2020, linked to Russia's General Staff Main Intelligence Directorate (GRU) 161st Specialist Training Center (Unit 29155). Ember Bear has primarily focused operations against Ukrainian government and telecommunication entities, but has also operated against critical infrastructure entities in Europe and the Americas. Ember Bear conducted the WhisperGate destructive wiper attacks against Ukraine in early 2022. There is some confusion as to whether Ember Bear overlaps with another Russian-linked entity referred to as Saint Bear. At present available evidence strongly suggests these are distinct activities with different behavioral profiles. Description adapted from MITRE ATT&CK®, © The MITRE Corporation, used under the ATT&CK Terms of Use.",
  "changelog": [
    {
      "date": "2026-11-08",
      "change": "Entry created from MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v20.1 (group G1003)"
    }
  ],
  "url": "https://www.defensepedia.com/systems/ember-bear.html",
  "sources": {
    "mitre-g1003": {
      "title": "Ember Bear, Group G1003",
      "publisher": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G1003/",
      "published": "2026-07-31",
      "tier": 2,
      "checked": "2026-11-08"
    }
  }
}