{
  "id": "bitter",
  "name": "BITTER",
  "aliases": [
    "T-APT-17"
  ],
  "domain": "cyber",
  "country": "UNK",
  "category": "Suspected state-linked cyber threat group",
  "status": "tracked",
  "fielded": null,
  "operators": [],
  "summary": "BITTER is a suspected South Asian cyber espionage threat group that has been active since at least 2013. BITTER has targeted government, energy, and engineering organizations in Pakistan, China, Bangladesh, and Saudi Arabia.",
  "specs": [
    {
      "k": "sponsor",
      "v": "Suspected South Asian group",
      "src": [
        "mitre-g1002"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "active_since",
      "v": 2013,
      "src": [
        "mitre-g1002"
      ],
      "conf": "medium",
      "note": "At least 2013"
    },
    {
      "k": "attack_id",
      "v": "G1002",
      "src": [
        "mitre-g1002"
      ],
      "conf": "high"
    },
    {
      "k": "targets",
      "v": "BITTER has targeted government, energy, and engineering organizations in Pakistan, China, Bangladesh, and Saudi Arabia.",
      "src": [
        "mitre-g1002"
      ],
      "conf": "medium"
    },
    {
      "k": "techniques_count",
      "v": 16,
      "src": [
        "mitre-g1002"
      ],
      "conf": "high",
      "note": "ATT&CK v20.1"
    },
    {
      "k": "software",
      "v": "ZxxZ",
      "src": [
        "mitre-g1002"
      ],
      "conf": "high",
      "note": "1 malware and tool entries linked in ATT&CK"
    }
  ],
  "payloads": [],
  "variants": [],
  "art": "cyber",
  "image": null,
  "verified": null,
  "notes": "BITTER is a suspected South Asian cyber espionage threat group that has been active since at least 2013. BITTER has targeted government, energy, and engineering organizations in Pakistan, China, Bangladesh, and Saudi Arabia. Description adapted from MITRE ATT&CK®, © The MITRE Corporation, used under the ATT&CK Terms of Use.",
  "changelog": [
    {
      "date": "2026-11-08",
      "change": "Entry created from MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v20.1 (group G1002)"
    }
  ],
  "url": "https://www.defensepedia.com/systems/bitter.html",
  "sources": {
    "mitre-g1002": {
      "title": "BITTER, Group G1002",
      "publisher": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G1002/",
      "published": "2026-07-31",
      "tier": 2,
      "checked": "2026-11-08"
    }
  }
}